Nozzle



Patented Mar.. .19, 1929.

. UNLI ED i S TA TES EMIL GROSS, OF `VifltUWA'lOSA,'WISGOZNSIN, .ASS'IGNOR T0 ALLIS-"CHALMERS'MLALNU- FACTURING COMPANY, OF 'MILWAUKEE WISCONSIN, 'A CORPO'RATION`OF DELA- WARE.

NOZZLE.

Appiication fiied september e4, 192e. serial im. 137,458.

This invention lrelates in general tok improvements in the construction and operation .of nozzles for delivering,` iiuid jets,and relates fimore speciiically'to :improvements i'n the type @of .nozzlewherein the characteristics Yot: the

iet maybe varied by; relative adjustment'of a 'control needle and-'thenozzle ,discharge orifice. v Y

fhnfrohjectnofntheinvention .is to provide vimproved 'mechanism for i eectively convertyinpfiluidV Kunder rpressure into -za et vhaving 'variable characteristics. .Another object 'of the invention isltotprovide; a fneedle'controlled nozzle r-ot relativelysimple, compact: and inexpensive constructioinf in which :objection- :abley :disturbances to i the f flow through rvthe f nozzlefare're'duced to aniininiuni. Thesefand :otheriobj ects: and advantages'of theiinvention will be apparent from the following description.

A clear conceptionv of' several embodiments of 'the invention andlof the in odeo mani-pu- :lating 'nozzles' constructed 'zin accordance therewith, rmay beiy had .by referring :to the drawing accompanyingandfiorminga part lofwthis specification fin Avvli'ichflike reference vcharactersdesignate,the same or; similar lparts in the various views. f f

Fig.' 1 'is a sectionalviewoi" anfimpulse turbine'havin'g: one form of iinprovedhydraulic nozzle associated therewith. f

Fig. 2 is aA central horizontal section throughl a modified form ohydraulic vnozzle =en'ibodying 'the invention.

vFig. i3 is "Ja Vtransverse vertical section throughthe nozzle disclosed in Fig. .2, the

section being taken directly vadj acent'to the `fmovableneedle supporting :and adjusting structure of' the lnozzle.

YFipxl is aside elevation of the .nozzle disclosed in @Figsx2 and-3. Y v Y i'Fig. 5 is a ltransverse vertical section through the ynozzle of`Figs.f2,3 and 4, the section being `taken through the pipe line adjacent-tothe needle adjusting arms.

Fig. 6 is a central horizontal section through still. another form of nozzle embodyjinr the invention.

"Referring 'specifically to Fie'. 1, vthe 'hydraulic 'installation therein disclosed comprises-.a turbinelrotor 2 rotatably supported upona horizontal main shaft and havingan 'annular series of buckets 3 associated with vthe 'periphery thereof; and a stationary'nozvzlelior directing a` jet 710i Water againstwthe prisin o' buckets?) in a well lmovvnzmanner. 'The nozzle'of Fig. lconsists ota'ziined :pipe Eline or casingaI ffoiiiiingfa'rectilineal conduitit-hc end or' which is provided -With'afdetachableclosure cap 8. Thecap-8 isprovided avitha rejmovable orificexring which onmszanfori [ice concentric With the casing'ier through .which the jet is adapted toiissue.` Disposediwithin the casing tand-the-capr directly adjacent 'toy the nozzle ring 6,:is-,a needlei avhiohisiinu-= lates a torpedo in shape, and which is onov- .able coaxially 'relativen-to v"the :casing A.: and

the'nozzle ring in order tovaryithec'haracteristics of the Jet 7. The needle 5 isfadju'stably sustained Within the. casinglV by uneans .of supports .-9 which V'extend lateially 'away y:duce minimum obstruction. .The :portions of thesupports 9 directly yadjzwentto theiivall vof :the casing 4 are `provided Withvlaterally 'extending iianges 14, asl shownL in Fig.:2, vfor the :purpose fot maintainingtheuguide'slots vinthe easingi closed: i'oryafllpositionsfofadjustinent ofthe needle. Tlie casing-'disprol'vided With-recesses or chambers 13 into vsihich' the lugs 26 exten d, and the lugs26coactwith renewable guideways 2li -secuiedfivithi-nthe `guide openings of the casing' 4. Ad] usting rods 12 -which `are attachedito the lugs .126

Within the chambers 18,eXtend-:parallel 'to thev laxis of the casingl and tliroughstuiiingboxes 1 6 and; guidebiaclets 17. The-outer. extremities of the adjustingv rods 12 arecoiinected WithA the swinging ends Iof xpivotal-ly supportedzadjustingarms: 11 by meansroflinks 18, as' yshown in Figa, and the adjusting. aiunsll .are swing'able by ineansofl an-.adjustingshaft -10 associated ywith the; turbine `tgovernor or othery actuating,` means in a Well knovvii -nianner.

The nozzle specifically fillustratedin iFigs. 2, 3, 1-and 5, differs from that disclosed in Fig. 1 vby havingan additional guidecom- 3 lguide arms l9rand-a 'guide/bearing 20, associated ywith the needle lclosely adjacent to theoriiice ringvG. The needle 15 is 'likewise oi' torpedo shapeI butwis somewhat longer than the needle 5 of Fig. .1. The actuating mechanism of the needle 15 is identical With that of'Fig.-1 and the guidegarins 110 19 are formed relatively thin measured transversely of the direction of 'How in order to produce minimum obstruction. In orderto permit t-he use of the guide arms 19 and guide bearing 20 asA in Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 5, an additional casing section 21 may be utilized, this casing section 21 being detachably associated with the end. of the main casing 4 and having the cap 8 detachably associated therewith as shown.

The modified form of nozzle illustrated in Fig. 6 differs from that disclosed in Fig. l by utilizing a special casing section 22 having the chambers 23 formed therein, for guiding and supporting the needle 25. This special casing section 22 may be detachably associated With the end of the main casing 4 and facilitates casting,.machining, and removal of the-nozzle elements. The needle 25 of the nozzle illustrated in Fig. 6 is like- Wise of torpedo shape and is adjustably sustained only by the supports 9 which are similar in construction to the needle supports of Fig. 1.

During operation of the turbine, the needle 5, 15, 25 is adjustable along the central axis of the rectilineal conduit formed by the casing 4, by manipulation of the adjusting shaft 10 and the adjusting arms 11. The needle is obviously moved in line with the nozzle orifice ring 6 at all times, and as the needle approaches the orifice, the diameter of the i et 7 is decreased. The limits of adjustmentk of the needle are such that the orifice may be entirely closed, or opened to produce a jet of maximum diameter. The adjustable supports 9 provide simple and efl'ective means for guiding and supporting the needles With minimum obstruction to the flovv. While the use of an additional supporting bearing 20 such as shown in Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 5 may produce slight additional obstruction to the flow, the guide arms 19 may also serve to prevent whirling in the flow directly in advance of the nozzle orifice, thereby producing a jet of maximum efficiency. It Will be apparent that in each of the embodiments the use of bends in the conduit are avoided, the fluid being directed rectilineally toward the nozzle oriiice and being prevented from whirling by the relativelythin needle supports 9. These supports however present minimum obstruction to the flow and may be readily manipulated from the exterior ofthe casing 4 by means of the lugs 26 and the rods 12 Without additionally obstructing the flovv. The flanges 14 further prevent disturbances in the flovv and the stuiiing boxes 16 prevent undesirable escape of Water. The structure embodying the invention is moreover relatively compact and of extremely simple formation thereby enabling its manufacture at minimum cost.

It should be understood that it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact details of construction and operation herein shown and described for various modifications Within the scope of the claims may occur to persons skilled .in the art.

It is claimed and desired to secure by Let- Y ters Patent beyond the opposite sides of said conduit forL moving said supports and said needle.k

2. In a nozzle, a casing forming a conduit o-f uniform internal diameterhaving an end orice of reduced cross-section, a needle located entirely Within said conduit and movable relative to said orifice, a plurality of supports for lsaid needle extending through p said casing onopposite sides of said conduit,

and mechanism associated With said supports beyond the opposite sides of said conduit for moving said supports and said needle, said mechanism including a common shaft for simultaneously applying motion to several of said supports.

3. In a nozzle, a casing forming a conduit of uniform internal diameter having an end orifice and a plurality of side openings, a needle located entirely Within said conduit and movable relative to said orifice, a plurality of supports for said needle extending through said openings on opposite sides of said conduit, mechanisml associated with said supports beyond the oppositeV sides of said conduit for moving said supports and said needle, and means for sealing said openings for all adjustments of said needle.

4. In a nozzle, a casing forming a conduit of uniform internal diameter having an end orifice and openings in the opposite sides thereof, aneedle located entirely Within said conduit and movable relative tosaid orifice, a pluralityof supports for said needle extending through "said openings on yopposite sides of said conduit, mechanism associated with said supports beyond the opposite sides of said conduit for moving said supports and said needle, said mechanism including' a common shaft for simultaneously applying motion to several of said supports, and means for sealing said openings for all adjustments of said needle. l

5. In a nozzle, a casing forming a conduit of uniform internal diameter having an end' orifice, a needle located entirely Within said conduit and movable relative to said orifice, said needle having opposite pointed ends disposed coaxial With said orifice and said conduit and being surrounded by a relatively free annular space, a plurality of supports for said needle extending through -said casing on opposite sides of said conduit, and mechanism associated with said supports loeyond the opposite Sides ot' said conduit for moving said supports and said needle.

6. In a nozzle, a casing` forming a conduit of uniform internal diameter having an end oriiice, a needle located entirely Within said conduit and movable relative to said orilice, said needle having opposite pointed ends disposed coaxial With said orifice and said conduit and being surrounded by a relatively free annular space, a plurality of supportsy for said needle extending through said eas ing on opposite sides of said Conduit, and mechanism associated with said supports beyond the opposite sides of said conduit for moving said supports and said needle, said mechanism including a common shaft for simultaneously applying. motion to several of said supports. e

In testimony whereof, the signature of the inventor is affixed hereto.

EMIL GROSS. 

